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In the second half of the 19th century, industrialization and the rise of the liberal bourgeoisie led to an increase in the importance of knowledge and education. At the same time, the intensifying social contradictions put the question of democratizing access to knowledge on the political agenda. The fight against illiteracy was of central importance. Not only the way out of political immaturity and the recognition of one’s own situation in society should raise awareness; the improvement of the level of education also promoted the economic development of the country. In the field of popular education, therefore, the interests of the young workers’ movement and the liberal bourgeoisie met.